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Challenges and opportunities for hepatitis B cure in the setting of HIV--hepatitis B virus co-infection
Purpose of review
To examine issues specific to HIV--HBV co-infection that are relevant to the search for and achieving hepatitis B cure in this the setting
Recent findings
In HIV--HBV co-infection, high rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss early after initiation of HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (ART) have previously been reported. Between 2012 and 2016, HBsAg loss from 2.8 to 23% was reported in numerous studies, including those already on suppressive HBV-active ART. Data published in 2018–2019 show that these rates have remained fairly stable (3.0–13.9%). However, it appears that higher HBsAg lo...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 6, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND HEPATITIS B CURE: Edited by Sharon R. Lewin and Peter A. Revill Source Type: research
Editorial: Impact of Alcohol on HIV Related Issues in Human Population or Model System.
Abstract
Alcohol abuse and AIDS remain two of the leading public health problems, not only in the United States but throughout the world. Approximately amongst 5% of the total US population, abuses alcohol and this statistic has been fairly consistent during recent years. However, the prevalence of alcohol abuse among HIV-positive individuals has been estimated to be between 29 and 60% in the US [1]. Alcohol use has also been implicated as an important risk factor in HIV transmission. In addition, the incidence of HIV infection has been found to be associated with the overall level of alcohol consumption. In a met...
Source: Current HIV Research - August 24, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kumar A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Citalopram for the Prevention of Depression and Its Consequences in HIV-Hepatitis C Coinfected Individuals Initiating Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin Therapy: A Multicenter Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
Conclusions: A strategy of prophylactic citalopram compared to treatment of emergent depression was not associated with higher adherence or a reduction in treatment-limiting depression nor did it significantly reduce depressive symptoms among HIV-HCV coinfected persons during treatment for HCV.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 161-175DOI 10.1310/hct1504-161Authors
Marina B. Klein, Division of Infectious Diseases/Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, CanadaTerry Lee, Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancou...
Source: HIV Clinical Trials - August 20, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Clinical Trials Source Type: research
Comparison of demographic, epidemiological, immunological, and clinical characteristics of patients with HIV mono-infection versus patients co-infected with HCV or/and HBV: a Serbian cohort study.
CONCLUSION: HIV/HCV co-infection was found to be more prevalent than HIV/HBV co-infection in a Serbian cohort. Co-infection with HCV was related to more profound immunodeficiency prior to therapy initiation, reflecting a possible unfavorable impact of HCV on the natural history of HIV infection.
PMID: 30014804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - July 16, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ranin J, Salemovic D, Brmbolic B, Marinkovic J, Boricic I, Pavlovic IP, Zerjav S, Stanojevic M, Jevtovic D Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Assessment of key elements in the innate immunity system among patients with HIV, HCV, and coinfections of HIV/HCV.
CONCLUSION: Our results showed a significant relationship between the expression level of innate immunity genes and inflammation in HCV, HIV, and HIV/HCV coinfected patients.
PMID: 32209045 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - March 24, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Moradi M, Tabibzadeh A, Javanmard D, Ghorbani S, Bokharaei-Salim F, Keivani H, Khazeni M, Monavari SHR Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
MicroRNAs Profiling in HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients.
CONCLUSION: These miRNAs are probably involved in the clinical progression and pathogenesis of HIV and HCV infections. Therefore, determining and manipulating of these miRNAs can lead to opening a new gate to control of these important infections.
PMID: 32900348 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - September 7, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Moghoofei M, Najafipour S, Mostafaei S, Tavakoli A, Bokharaei-Salim F, Ghorbani S, Javanmard D, Ghaffari H, Monavari SH Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and factors associated with syphilis among female sex workers in Panama
Conclusions
Although HIV prevalence is low among FSWs in Panama, unregistered FSWs bear a higher burden of HIV and STIs than registered FSWs. Programmes aimed at overcoming obstacles to registration, and HIV, STI and harm reduction among unregistered FSWs is warranted to prevent HIV transmission, and to improve their sexual and reproductive health.
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - February 18, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Hakre, S., Arteaga, G., Nunez, A. E., Bautista, C. T., Bolen, A., Villarroel, M., Peel, S. A., Paz-Bailey, G., Scott, P. T., Pascale, J. M., the Panama HIV EPI Group Tags: Liver disease, Health policy, Epidemiologic studies, Open access, Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis (sexual health), HIV / AIDS, Syphilis, HIV infections, Sex workers Epidemiology Source Type: research
Characterization of HBV among HBV/HIV-1 co-infected Injecting Drug Users from Mombasa, Kenya.
Conclusions: The prevalence of HBV co-infection among HIV-infected IDUs in Mombasa, Kenya was 12.5%. Phylogenetically, sequences obtained from this study showed clusters that were distinct from reported Kenyan reference sequences from the Genbank. The findings point to an existence of a transmission network among IDUs in Mombasa. This further suggests that HBV genotypes in Kenya may be regionally diverse.
PMID: 25613131 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - January 20, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kibaya RM, Lihana RW, Lihana RW, Kiptoo M, Songok EM, Zipporah N, Osman S, Ishizaki A, Xiuqiong BI, Okoth FA, Ichimura H, Lwembe RM Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Natural history of liver disease and effect of hepatitis C virus on HIV disease progression
Purpose of review: Due to high prevalence rates, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the HIV cause two viral infections of global importance. Shared routes of transmission lead to a high number of dually infected individuals especially in specific populations such as intravenous drug users or people from highly endemic regions for both viruses. Treatment progress made in the field of HIV in the past three decades diminished the number of HIV patients who die from opportunistic infections and enabled a rise of HCV-associated liver disease in the HIV–HCV-coinfected population.
Recent findings: An HIV–HCV coinfection is mainl...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - August 7, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HCV DIRECT ANTIVIRAL AGENTS IN HIV: Edited by Karine Lacombe and Sanjay R. Bhagani Source Type: research
Extrahepatic comorbidities associated with hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients
Purpose of review: HIV infection facilitates progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver fibrosis, thus increasing the risk of cirrhosis and decompensated liver disease. Although the primary target of HCV infection is the liver, extrahepatic manifestations related to HCV contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C. We review current data on extrahepatic comorbidities associated with HCV in HIV-infected patients.
Recent findings: A large proportion of individuals coinfected with HIV/HCV has extrahepatic manifestations that may be indirectly or directly related to HCV inf...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - August 7, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HCV DIRECT ANTIVIRAL AGENTS IN HIV: Edited by Karine Lacombe and Sanjay R. Bhagani Source Type: research
How to predict the risk of fracture in HIV?
Purpose of review: Skeletal fractures are more common in HIV, and impact the medical, functional and economic status of frequently vulnerable patients. Identifying asymptomatic patients with low bone mineral density (BMD)/osteoporosis requiring intervention can be expected to reduce fracture risk and complications. Clinical tools are available to determine fracture risk in the general population and are being evaluated in HIV patients. The FRAX® calculator, incorporating demographics and risk factors for osteoporosis, with or without BMD results, has been investigated most often in HIV patients.
Recent findings: The few ...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 8, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BONE COMPLICATIONS IN HIV: Edited by Patrick W.G. Mallon and Todd T. Brown Source Type: research
Analysis of Non-AIDS-Defining Events in HIV Controllers
Conclusions. HCV/HIV coinfection was the main factor associated with hepatic and extrahepatic nADEs in HIV controllers. The eradication of HCV infection may ameliorate the presence of comorbidities in these patients.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - April 25, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Dominguez-Molina, B., Leon, A., Rodriguez, C., Benito, J. M., Lopez-Galindez, C., Garcia, F., del Romero, J., Gutierrez, F., Viciana, P., Alcami, J., Leal, M., Ruiz-Mateos, E., for the Spanish AIDS Research Network HIV Controllers Cohort (ECRIS) Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Dually Active HIV/HBV Antiretrovirals as Protection Against Incident Hepatitis B Infections: Potential for Prophylaxis
Conclusions. Our study suggests that DAART, independently of CD4 cell count and risky behavior, has a potentially strong public health impact, including pre-exposure prophylaxis of HBV coinfection in the HIV infected.
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - July 20, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shilaih, M., Marzel, A., Scherrer, A. U., Braun, D. L., Kovari, H., Rougemont, M., Darling, K., Battegay, M., Hoffmann, M., Bernasconi, E., Hirzel, C., Günthard, H. F., Kouyos, R. D., The Swiss HIV Cohort Study, The Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Remy, R Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Milk Donor Blood Screening for HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B markers in a Brazilian Human Milk Bank: Prevalence time-trends over the 2005-2015 period.
CONCLUSION: High prevalence of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B was found for the 2005-2015 period among breastfeeding mothers who offered to donate their exceeding milk to a human milk bank in Brazil. Despite apparent elimination of the HIV by the end of the period, the decline was not statistically significant. There was no significant change in the acute hepatitis B prevalence over time but the syphilis prevalence increase in the most recent period was statistically significant.
PMID: 28685670 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - July 7, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kupek E, Savi EO Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
HIV Drug Resistance Testing in a Resource Limited Setting with high Viral Diversity: The first Twenty Eight Months Experience.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed that a group of patients with antiretroviral therapy failure harbored multi-drug resistance mutations related to the majority of drugs in the first line regimen. Therefore, HIV resistance testing could be a useful tool to improve HIV care in resource limited settings like Cameroon where treatment options are limited.
PMID: 28745207 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current HIV Research - July 25, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ngo-Malabo ET, Ngoupo PA, Sadeuh-Mba SA, Akongnwi E, Banaï R, Ngono L, Njouom R, Bilong-Bilong CF, Kfutwah A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
